Notification and disclosure of net short positions

The EU Short Selling Regulation (SSR) introduced a private and public notification regime for investors who hold net short positions in certain financial instruments. We explain notifications and disclosures below.

End of the transition period

The EU SSR and the Level 2 regulation (regulation EU 918/2012) were converted into domestic law as amended by the Short Selling (Amendment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 following the end of the transition period.

The Binding Technical Standards, adopted under the EU SSR as at the end of the transition period, have also been converted into UK law and apply as amended by the Technical Standards (Short Selling) (EU Exit) Instrument 2019.

ESMA Guidelines adopted under the SSR have not been incorporated into UK law.

ESMA Guidelines and Q&A documents adopted under the SSR, should be treated in line with our general approach to EU non-legislative materials. Generally, firms should continue to follow and have regard to such materials to the extent they are relevant under UK SSR.

We published our Primary Market Bulletin 21, 24 and 32 in which we inform market makers of changes to the regulatory obligations under UK SSR. PMB 21 and 32 are particularly important for firms using the market-maker exemption under the SSR, as they explain the key conditions for the exemption and equivalence of EEA regimes. 

Under the UK SSR, you may have to notify us of positions that are private or are to be disclosed publicly.

See the public short positions disclosed to us – daily update (XLSX).

Short selling update: July 2024

Increase to reporting threshold in shares from February 2024

From February 2024, the reporting threshold for net short positions in shares to the FCA increased from 0.1% to 0.2% of total issued share capital of an issuer.

The Government introduced this increase via the Short Selling (Notification Threshold) Regulations 2023 (SI 2023/1258) following the Treasury's Short Selling Regulation Review.

Draft Statutory Instrument – Short Selling Regulations 2024

In November 2023, the Government published a draft statutory instrument (SI) alongside an explanatory policy note, following the Treasury’s Short Selling Regulation Review:

The Draft SI sets out how the Government will replace the retained EU law Short Selling Regulation, including aspects on sovereign debt, with a new framework tailored for the UK.

The call for evidence was part of the Government's wider programme to repeal and replace retained EU law in financial services. The Treasury plans to lay this instrument before Parliament in 2024, parliamentary time allowing.

Sovereign debt and credit default swaps

In November 2023, the Treasury published the Government’s final policy position for the regulation of the short selling of sovereign debt and credit default swaps.

This document:

  • summarises consultation responses
  • sets out the Government’s approach under the UK’s new regime

Register to submit a notification

To be able to submit a short selling notification to us on behalf of a position holder (whether a firm or an individual), the person making the notification (the reporting person) must be registered with us through our Electronic Submission System (ESS). 

If you are making notifications for yourself as an individual reporting person, you will still need to be registered as a reporting person beforehand. 

You will not be able to send any notifications until we have accepted your registration.

Firstly, you will need to create a personal ESS account before you are able to submit a SSR registration form.

Once your account has been approved, you will need to submit one of the following Position Holder registration types:

  1. Registration for New Position Holder Firm – This registration type is to register yourself as a reporting person for a firm that has not been registered before.
  2. Registration for Existing Position Holder – This registration type is to register yourself as a reporting person for a firm/individual that is already registered.
  3. Registration for New Position Holder Individual – This registration type is to register yourself as a position holder individual or for an individual that has not been registered before.

For all the above registration types, you will need to upload an authorisation letter on the ESS portal. The authorisation letter should be on your company letterhead and state which individuals have permission to submit notifications on behalf of the firm/individual. This should be signed by an individual who has the authority to give this level of permission.

For registering a New Position Holder Firm, a certificate of incorporation of the firm will be required.

For registering a New Individual Position Holder, you must provide a copy of the position holder’s driving licence or passport.

Once we have accepted your registration we'll send you an acceptance email in addition to giving you permission to make SSR notification submissions on ESS.

If there is more than one reporting person for a position holder, each reporting person must complete the registration process. 

This is detailed in section 5 of our ESS user guide.

Determination of a notifiable position in shares

Certain shares are exempt from the notification and disclosure requirements in the UK SSR if their principal venue for trading is located outside the UK. For a list of these shares, please see the updated UK list of exempted shares. More information is available in the ‘UK list of exempted shares’ section. 

To determine whether a position in shares should be notified to us, position holders will have to consult the FCA FIRDS to see whether a particular share is admitted to trading in the UK. Subsequently, position holders will have to consult the UK list of exempted shares to see if that share is exempt. 

If a share is not exempt, position holders should send their notification to us. If position holders have reason to believe that the information on our pages is not up to date or correct, they should raise this issue with us.

See the short selling restrictions and prohibitions page for the latest information on prohibitions for specific financial instruments.

To calculate the net short position, group aggregation, etc, please refer to the UK SSR and the supplementary texts and the information available on our pages. 

UK sovereign debt thresholds

For thresholds regarding UK sovereign debt and uncovered positions in UK sovereign CDS, see the below table which we update on a quarterly basis.

Notification thresholds for net short positions on UK sovereign debt – valid as of 15 July 2024

Sovereign 
issuer

Amount of outstanding UK debt (in million €) - Duration adjusted

Initial threshold Incremental level
in % in million  in % in million €
United Kingdom 29,062,589.96 0.50% 145,312.95 0.25% 72,656.47

How to make a notification 

You must send your notification to us through our Electronic Submission System, following the registration of reporting persons and position holders. 

You should send your positions by 3.30pm on the trading day after the day the position was reached. All calculations should be made as at midnight on the trading day the position was reached.

Correct or delete an incorrect notification

When you submit a net short position notification, you will see a position ID in your ESS portal. There is a unique ID for every position submitted to us.

If you need to correct or delete a notification, you must submit a Net Short Position Share Notification – Correct, and reference the position ID of the notification that you wish to correct.

If the position is completely incorrect and you wish to delete it you will need to submit a Net Short Position Share Notification – Delete, and reference the position ID of the notification you wish to delete.

Do not use the notifications types above (for correcting or deleting a notification) to report a movement of a position, or the closing out of a position. Use these notification types only when you have given us incorrect information in a notification. 

Please follow the above steps if you wish to correct or delete a previous notification sent to us in UK sovereign debt or in uncovered UK sovereign credit default swaps (CDS).

Notes for using the forms on ESS 

You must provide all the mandatory information (highlighted by a red asterisk) to complete the forms on ESS. 

The ISIN code of the stock must be provided in the correct format (12 alphanumeric characters) and a percentage position must always be completed to 2 decimal places. 

No ISIN code is required for reporting net short positions in UK sovereign debt and in uncovered UK sovereign CDS.

UK list of exempted shares – 3 April 2023 update

Certain shares are exempt from the notification and disclosure requirements in the UK SSR, if the principal venue for the trading of the shares is located outside the UK.

The UK List of Exempted Shares contains all shares admitted to trading on UK trading venues, where their principal venue for trading is outside the UK.

The FCA publishes the UK List of Exempted Shares as required under Article 16 of the UK SSR. This list must be reviewed and updated every 2 years from 31 December 2020.

To ensure firms have the right information to assess whether a short position is reportable to the FCA or not, we are provide the following update:

  • The updated UK list of exempted shares valid from 1 January 2023 has been reviewed to include shares admitted to trading on UK trading venues in November and December 2022 that were not considered previously. This list is valid from 1 April 2023 and applies to positions reached from that date.

From 31 December 2022, the updated UK List of exempted shares includes 2 tabs:

  • The instructions tab.
  • The UK List of exempted shares containing all shares admitted to trading on UK trading venues where their principal venue for trading is outside the UK.

Net short positions held on any of the shares that appear on this list will not be reportable to the FCA.

Biannual review of the UK list of exempted shares – 3 April 2023 update

The FCA must make calculations every 2 years to determine whether shares admitted to trading in the UK and in third country jurisdictions have their principal venue for their trading outside the UK. This review is made regarding the trading activity undertaken in the previous 2-year period.

Shares whose principal venue for their trading is outside the UK will be included to the UK List of Exempted Shares. To publish an exempted share list as required under the rules, we have made our biannual liquidity assessment in 2 stages:

First review: We assessed shares admitted to trading on UK trading venues until 31 October 2022 to determine their principal trading venue in the previous 2-year period. We included exempted shares on the updated list valid from 1 January 2023.

Second review: We assessed shares admitted to trading in November and December 2022 that we did not include in the first review to determine their principal trading venue. Therefore, a revised list is now available and applies to positions reached from 1 April 2023.

Further updates

The FCA’s List of Exempted Shares will be updated periodically as we identify shares whose principal trading venue is outside the UK.

We normally make this assessment when we receive new net short positions notifications, but we also consider instances where shares are no longer traded on UK trading venues.

If position holders have reasons to believe that the information on the UK List of Exempted Shares is not up to date or correct, please email [email protected].

Exemptions from the UK SSR 

Market makers and authorised primary dealers with an exemption under the SSR may not have to comply with these obligations when undertaking market-making activities in the financial instruments their exemption applies to.

See our list of market makers and authorised primary dealers.

Request for guidance

You can request guidance in writing and on a named basis only. 

We expect you to have considered the query before writing to us, and we may reject any queries that we don’t consider are seeking guidance.

Email queries to [email protected], with the subject line ‘Request for guidance: SSR’.​

Page updates

: Information changed Removing submission details for closed consultations
: Information changed Updating debt thresholds table
: Information changed UK sovereign debt thresholds
: Information added 18 December 2023 update
: Information added 23 November 2023 update
: Information changed UK sovereign debt thresholds quarterly update
: Editorial amendment content review
: Information added Treasury's Short Selling Regulation Review update
: Information changed UK sovereign debt thresholds
: Information changed list of exempted shares update